2020托福阅读直接事实题解题攻略

时间：2020-08-31　来源：博通范文网本文已影响人

托福阅读考试中我们经常会遇到一类题目：直接事实题，也叫事实信息题。下面小编就和大家分享托福阅读直接事实题解题攻略，来欣赏一下吧。

托福阅读直接事实题解题攻略

1.选项排除法

直接事实题的正确选项是可以和题干共同完成一个意群表述的内容，错误选项有三种情形：一种是和原文无关的选项，这种选项可能会出现原文\题干讨论对象，但是陈述内容是编造出来的，原文中没有依据;一种是和题目无关选项，这种选项在原文中可以找到依据，但是并不能回答题干问题;还有一种是看上去是文章内容，但是出现了一些臆断的比较级、最高级等信息。

2.定位信息

3.了解出题点

直接事实题往往不会针对像是例子一类太过于细节的内容出题。在出题时，和上面所述出题过程对应，一种是对原文中某个原因的表述出题，将结果放在选项中备选;或者是将结果放在题干中，将原因放在选项中待选。还有一些情况，托福阅读直接事实题会对对比事物的优劣势进行考察;还有的题目会问到某个事件的发展过程、某个人物做的某件事情、某个时间段对应的事件等等。

托福阅读真题原题+题目

The observation of the skies has played a special part in the lives andcultures of peoples since the earliest of times. Evidence obtained from a siteknown as the Hole in the Rock, in Papago Park in Phoenix, Arizona, indicatesthat it might have been used as an observatory by a prehistoric people known asthe Hohokam.

The physical attributes of the site allow its use as a naturalcalendar/clock. The hole at Hole in the Rock is formed by two large overhangingrocks coming together at a point, creating a shelter with an opening largeenough for several persons to pass through. The northeast-facing overhang has asmaller opening in its roof. It is this smaller hole that produces theattributes that may have been used as a calendar/clock.

Because of its location in the shelter's roof, a beam of sunlight can passthrough this second hole and cast a spot onto the shelter's wall and floor. Thisspot of light travels from west to east as the sun moves across the sky. It alsomoves from north to south and back again as the Earth travels around the Sun,the west-to-east movement could have been used to establish a daily clock, muchlike a sundial, while the north-to-south movement could have been used toestablish a seasonal calendar.

The spot first appears and starts down the surface of the wall of theshelter at different times of the morning depending on the time of the year. Thespot grows in size from its first appearance until its maximum size is achievedroughly at midday. It then continues its downward movement until it reaches apoint where it jumps to the floor of the shelter. As the Sun continues to moveto the west, the spot continues to move across the shelter floor and down thebutte, or hill, toward a group of small boulders. If a person is seated on acertain one of these rocks as the spot reaches it, the Sun can be viewed throughthe calendar hole. This occurs at different times in the afternoon depending onthe time of year.

1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) observations of the stars by ancient people

(B) rock formations of Arizona

(D) the movement of the earth around the Sun

2. The word obtained in line 2 is closest in meaning to

(A) acquired

(B) transported

(D) removed

3. The word attributes in line 5 is closest in meaning to

(A) changes

(B) characteristics

(D) dimensions

4. The word its in line 10 refers to

(A) roof

(B) beam

(D) spot

5. The word establish in line 15 is closest in meaning to

(A) create

(B) locate

(D) choose

6. Which of the following is NOT true of the spot of light?

(A) It is caused by sunlight passing through a hole.

(B) It travels across the roof of the shelter.

(D) It movement could have been used to estimate the time of day.

7. From which of the following can be the time of year be determined?

(A) The movement of the spot of light from west to east

(B) The speed with which the spot of light moves

(D) The size of the sport of light at midday

8. The word roughly in line 18 is closest in meaning to

(A) finally

(B) harshly

(D) approximately

9. The passage mentions that the Hole in the Rock was used as all of thefollowing EXCEPT

(A) a calendar

(B) a home

(D) an observatory

10. Which of the following can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?

(A) The boulders are located below the rock shelter.

(B) The person seated on the rock cannot see the shelter.

(D) The spot of light is largest when it first appears.

PASSAGE 35 CABCA BCDBA

托福阅读真题原题+题目

Railroads reshaped the North American environment and reoriented NorthAmerican behavior. In a quarter of a century, claimed the Omaha Daily Republicanin 1883, they have made the people of the United States homogeneous, breakingthrough the peculiarities and provincialisms which marked separate andunmingling sections.

The railroad simultaneously stripped the landscape of the naturalresources, made velocity of transport and economy of scale necessary parts ofindustrial production, and carried consumer goods to households; it dispatchedimmigrants to unsettled places, drew emigrants away from farms and villages tocities, and sent men and guns to battle. It standardized time and travel,seeking to annihilate distance and space by allowing movement at any time and inany season or type of weather. In its grand and impressive terminals andstations, architects recreated historic Roman temples and public baths, Frenchchateaus and Italian bell towers — edifices that people used as stages for manyof everyday life's high emotions: meeting and parting, waiting and worrying,planning new starts or coming home.

Passenger terminals, like the luxury express trains that hurled people overspots, spotlight the romance of railroading. (The twentieth-Century Limited spedbetween Chicago and New York in twenty hours by 1915). Equally important toeveryday life were the slow freight trans chugging through industrial zones, themorning and evening commuter locals shuttling back ions and urban terminals, andthe incessant comings and goings that occurred in the classifications, orswitching, yards. Moreover, in addition to its being a transportation pathwayequipped with a mammoth physical plant of tracks signals, crossings, bridges,and junctions, plus telegraph and telephone lines the railroad nurtured factorycomplexes, coat piles, warehouses, and generating stations, forming along itsright-of-way what has aptly been called the metropolitan corridor of theAmerican landscape.

1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) The influence of ancient architecture on the design of railroadterminals

(B) The importance of natural resources in the development of railroads

(D) Technological improvements in the area of communication in thenineteenth century

2. It can be inferred from the quote from the Omaha Daily Republican (line2-4) that railroads

(A) made all sections of the nation much wealthier

(B) brought more unity to what had been a fragmented nation

(D) had no effect on the environment of the United States

3. The word it in line 7 refers to

(A) transport

(B) scale

(D) railroad

4. The word drew in line 8 is closest

(A) obliged

(B) designed

(D) attracted

5. The word annihilate in line 9 is closest in meaning to

(A) conquer

(B) utilize

(D) mechanize

6. The word Moreover in line 20 is closest in meaning to

(A) consequently

(B) furthermore

(D) because

7. All of the following were true of impressive passenger terminalsEXCEPT:

(A) Their architecture was influenced by the architecture of Europe.

(B) Luxury express trains traveled between them.

(D) They were important to many commuters.

8. According to the passage , which type of development lined the areaalong the metropolitan

corridor?

(A) Stores and shopping areas

(B) Recreational areas

(D) Agricultural

9. The word aptly in line 24 is closest in meaning to

(A) appropriately

(B) virtually

(D) incessantly

10. The author mentions the Twentieth-Century Limited as an example of

(A) a freight train

(B) a commuter train

(D) an underground train

11. The author gives a synonym for which of the following words?

(A) homogeneous (line 3)

(B) standardized (line 9)

(D) classification(line 20)

PASSAGE 42 CBDDA BCCAC D

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