我国对美出口罗非鱼产品环境效应评估

时间：2022-11-14　来源：博通范文网本文已影响人

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摘要：【目的】測算我国出口美国罗非鱼产品贸易的环境效应，为制定新时期我国对美出口罗非鱼产品政策提供参考。【方法】采用贸易—环境一般均衡分析模型，分析我国对美出口罗非鱼产品对环境的规模效应、结构效应和技术效应，并提出罗非鱼养殖、出口贸易方面的对策建议。【结果】我国对美出口罗非鱼产品的环境影响效应包括正向的出口规模效应、结构效应和技术效应，表示当前罗非鱼出口规模扩大增加了环境污染;出口冻罗非鱼产品的环境影响效应小于罗非鱼鱼片，即罗非鱼出口产品结构加剧了环境污染效应;同时罗非鱼苗种繁育技术尚未发挥减少环境污染的正效应。【建议】提高罗非鱼等水产品进口规模，降低规模效应影响程度;提高冻罗非鱼出口量，调整结构效应影响程度;提高罗非鱼良种率，改善技术效应影响程度;构建罗非鱼产业绿色发展体系，多环节管控污染源。

关键词：罗非鱼产品;对外贸易;规模效应;结构效应;技术效应

中图分类号： S965.125;F326.4 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2095-1191（2018）11-2335-07

Environmental impact assessment of Chinese tilapia products exported to the United States

YUE Dong-dong1， LI Xu-jun1，2， GENG Rui3

（1East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute， Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries， Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs ， Shanghai 200090， China; 2School of Economics and Management， Shanghai Ocean University/Graduate School， Shanghai Ocean University， Shanghai 201306， China; 3Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences， Beijing 100141， China）

Abstract：【Objective】Measuring the environmental effects of China’s exports of tilapia products to the United States to provide reference for China’s policy of exporting tilapia products to the United States in the new era. 【Method】The scale effects， structure effects and technical effects of China’s exports of tilapia products to the United States were analyzed by using the trade-environment general equilibrium theory model. The suggestions in tilapia breeding and export were proposed on this basis. 【Result】The research results showed that the environmental impact of China’s exports of tilapia products to the United States included positive export scale effects， positive structural effects and positive technical effects. It also indicated that the current expansion of tilapia exports had increased environmental pollution， and the environmental impact of exporting frozen tilapia products was less than tilapia fillets. It indicated that the structure of tilapia export products exacerbated environmental pollution effects， while the tilapia seed breeding technology did not play a positive role in reducing environmental pollution. 【Suggestion】The following suggestions are proposed： increasing the import scale of aquatic products such as tilapia， reducing the impact of scale effect; increasing the export volume of frozen tilapia， adjusting the degree of structural effects; improving the rate of fine tilapia fry and improving the impact of technological effects; and building green development of tilapia industry system， controlling pollution sources in different links.

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我国对美出口罗非鱼产品环境效应评估

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